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Jan. 18, 2005 - Even passive smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer, according to the results of a long-term, prospective cohort study published Obstetrics & Gynecology. "Given the association between active smoking and cervical cancer, passive exposure to cigarette smoke could plausibly contribute to cervical carcinogenesis," write Cornelia L. Trimble, MD, from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, and colleagues. "The presence of cotinine in cervical mucus of nonsmoking women who are passively exposed to smoke from cigarettes make it reasonable to postulate that passive smoking can contribute to carcinogenesis through the same potential pathways as active smoking, including genotoxic and immunomodulatory effects." The investigators established cohorts based on data regarding smoking status of all household members, collected during private censuses of Washington County, Maryland, in 1963 (n = 24,792) and 1975 (n = 26,381). Using the Washington County Cancer Registry, the investigators determined the occurrence of cervical neoplasia in both cohorts from 1963 to 1978 and from 1975 to 1994. To estimate the relative risk (RR) of developing cervical neoplasia associated with active and passive smoking in both cohorts, Poisson regression models were fitted based on a referent category of never smokers not exposed to passive smoking. Adjusted RR for passive smoking was 2.1 in the 1963 cohort (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.3) and 1.4 in the 1975 cohort (95% CI, 0.8-2.4). For current smoking, the adjusted RR and 95% confidence limits were 2.6 (95% CI, 1.7-4.1) and 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1-2.6) in the 1963 and 1975 cohort, respectively. Study limitations include lack of measurement of passive smoke exposure outside the home and missing information regarding some potential confounding variables. "The associations were in the direction of increased risk for both passive smoking and current active smoking in both the 1963 and 1975 cohorts, but were stronger in the 1963 cohort," the authors write. "The results of this long-term, prospective cohort study corroborate the association between active cigarette smoking and cervical neoplasia and provide evidence that passive smoking is a risk factor for cervical neoplasia." The Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund, the National Institute of Aging, the National Cancer Institute, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences supported this study. Obstet Gynecol. 2005:105: 174-181 Get your vaccine against HPV--Human Papilloma Virus which causes cervical cancer. Call the office for your Gardasil shot. To read more, check out the original story at http://www.Gardasil.com. << back to main news
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